Highway Surveys

 

Highway Surveys

 

Highway Surveys :

 

Highway Survey or road survey are the various stages of examination of an area for the finalization of alignment of a new road in an economical manner.

 

Highway Surveys are conducted in the four stages :

 

(a) Map study

(b) Reconnaissance survey

(c) Preliminary survey

(d) Location survey

 

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP :

 

This is a map of an area in which general details of that area such as buildings, hospitals, schools, roads, railway lines, sources of water, drainage system etc are shown. And also other details like rivers, valleys, hills and contour lines are also shown on the topographic map is known as topographic map.  

 

(A) Map Study:

 

The process of marking several possible alternate alignment of a road on the Topographic map of an area is known as map study.

 

A topographic map shows the nature of the area by means of contour lines. This map shows the position of obligatory points such as important towns, business and industrial centers, places of historical importance. By carefully study of topographical map of an area, it becomes an easy task for highway engineer to suggest the possible alignment of the proposed new road. It is possible to drop certain alignments because of unavoidable obstructions and undesirable ground conditions. With further detailed study of all the possible alignments, one most economical and convenient route can be selected.

 

(B) RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY :

 

A general examination of a fairly broad stretch of land between the terminal stations in the field, along the proposed alternative alignments marked on the map is known as reconnaissance survey.  

 

(C) PRELIMINARY SURVEY :

 

The process of finding the details of alternative road alignments as recommended by reconnaissance survey for final location survey is known as preliminary survey.

 

(D) LOCATION SURVEY :

 

The detailed survey carried out along the alignment finally recommended during the preliminary survey is called location survey.