Survey and Type of Survey

 The way of determining the relative positions of points or object, on above or beneath the surface of earth by taking direct or indirect measurements in vertical or horizontal plane is called Surveying.

Type of Surveying:-

(1) Plane Surveying

(2) Geodetic Surveying

(1) Plane Surveying : It is type of surveying in which the mean surface of the earth is considered as a plane and the spheroidal shape is neglected. All triangles formed curve lines are considered as plane triangles. The level lines is considered as straight and approximately the difference in length between the arc and the subtended chord on the surface of earth is only 0.1m in 18.2km.

        The degree of accuracy required in this type of surveying is comparatively low. Approximately areas less than 260 sqkm are considered as plane.

(2) Geodetic Surveying : It is that type of surveying in which the shape of the earth is taken into account. All lines lying in the surface are curved lines and the triangles are spherical triangles. It, therefore involves spherical trigonometric. All geodetic surveys include work of larger magnitude and high degree of precision.