The word foundation has been derived from the Latin word 'Fundare' it means ' to set on ground or something solid'. The art of selecting, designing and constructing various parts of the structure which transfer the weight of structure to underlying strata is known as 'Foundation Engineering'. Foundation engineering'. Foundation engineering deals with :
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(1) The various techniques to investigate and evaluate the soil characteristics required for designing of foundation.
(2) The selection of the best suitable type of foundation for a particular given site
(3) For the judging the performance of each type of foundation.
(4) Designing the structural elements of various parts of the foundation for the different types of loads which are to be transferred to the underlying soil strata
TYPE OF FOUNDATIONS :-
(a) Shallow
(b) Deep foundation
(a) Shallow Foundation :- A foundation is said to be shallow foundation if depth of foundation is equal to or less than width of foundation.
(b) Deep Foundation :- If the depth of foundation is more than width of foundation, it is known as deep foundation.
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